{"id":11,"date":"2016-02-23T01:11:17","date_gmt":"2016-02-23T01:11:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/?page_id=11"},"modified":"2022-11-29T22:23:51","modified_gmt":"2022-11-29T22:23:51","slug":"unit-ii","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/home\/course\/unit-ii\/","title":{"rendered":"Unit II"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Time and Instruments:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>School classes, schedules, drive times, bed times, and meetings, this is how \u201ctime\u201d occupies most of our consciousness. But if\u00a0 we examine our technological world we find that the measurement of time goes far beyond pop culture\u2019s understanding of time measurement. The fact is our world as we know it, almost every part, relies on precise time measurement to make all of our technology work. Vehicles, computers, phones and more all depend on quartz or atomic clocks, also the global supply chain that delivers goods relies on countless machines with clocks synched and unsynched. <strong>Did you ever wonder how many types of \u201cclocks\u201d exist?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><b>The tools that make the goods:<\/b><\/p>\n<p>In the last unit and video we talked about how engineers needed a way to measure electricity in order to start building cool and useful things. <strong>Voltage, amplitude and watts<\/strong> became standardized benchmarks to which we could integrate machines and computers. All devices of complexity also use time measurement to make computations and adjustments. While we could talk about all the consumer goods with clocks that change our lives, in the <em>Universe of Instrumentation<\/em> series we put a unique focus on<b> tools<\/b> that make all the rest of the goods possible.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Clocks: <\/strong>Begin your lesson with three major types of clocks. Time keeping devices are found within almost all electronics today and are one of the keystones of modern technology.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_926\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-926\" style=\"width: 946px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-926 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2022\/11\/ThreeClocks.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"946\" height=\"330\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2022\/11\/ThreeClocks.jpg 946w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2022\/11\/ThreeClocks-300x105.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2022\/11\/ThreeClocks-768x268.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2022\/11\/ThreeClocks-24x8.jpg 24w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2022\/11\/ThreeClocks-36x13.jpg 36w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2022\/11\/ThreeClocks-48x17.jpg 48w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 946px) 100vw, 946px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-926\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Above: The first three types of clocks used light, water and motion<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Electronic Test Equipment:<\/strong> This stuff makes the amazing possible. Learn about Oscilloscopes, Time Interval Counters and Spectrum Analyzers.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_301\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-301\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-301 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/cropped-OscillWide900.jpg\" alt=\"cropped-OscillWide900.jpg\" width=\"1200\" height=\"370\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/cropped-OscillWide900.jpg 1200w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/cropped-OscillWide900-300x93.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/cropped-OscillWide900-768x237.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/cropped-OscillWide900-1024x316.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-301\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Above: test equipment critical for engineers<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Computers:<\/strong> without the development of precise clocks computers would not function. See our pages and videos on this for more.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_927\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-927\" style=\"width: 950px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-927 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2022\/11\/Commodore64-950pxElectronics.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"950\" height=\"376\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2022\/11\/Commodore64-950pxElectronics.jpg 950w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2022\/11\/Commodore64-950pxElectronics-300x119.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2022\/11\/Commodore64-950pxElectronics-768x304.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2022\/11\/Commodore64-950pxElectronics-24x9.jpg 24w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2022\/11\/Commodore64-950pxElectronics-36x14.jpg 36w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2022\/11\/Commodore64-950pxElectronics-48x19.jpg 48w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 950px) 100vw, 950px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-927\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Above: A Commodore 64 computer, one of the foundations of home computers<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Radio: <\/strong>The use of changing frequencies over time is the basis of radio signals and computer signals. The area of radio and computers has its own set of test equipment which you will learn about in this course when this section is complete.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_928\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-928\" style=\"width: 950px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-928 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2022\/11\/CellphoneJitterbug950.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"950\" height=\"316\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2022\/11\/CellphoneJitterbug950.jpg 950w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2022\/11\/CellphoneJitterbug950-300x100.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2022\/11\/CellphoneJitterbug950-768x255.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2022\/11\/CellphoneJitterbug950-24x8.jpg 24w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2022\/11\/CellphoneJitterbug950-36x12.jpg 36w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2022\/11\/CellphoneJitterbug950-48x16.jpg 48w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 950px) 100vw, 950px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-928\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Above: Radio technology is only possible with precise time measurement. An early cell phone.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Unit II Sections and Videos:<\/h3>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/home\/course\/unit-ii\/clocks\/\">II.A Clocks &#8211; Page &gt;<\/a><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/home\/course\/unit-ii\/clocks\/mechanical-clocks\/\">II.A.1 Mechanical Clocks &#8211; Page<\/a><br \/>\nII.B.v1 Mechanical Clocks &#8211; Inaccuracies &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/8MyYqxBFE0A\">Video<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/home\/course\/unit-ii\/clocks\/quartz-clocks\/\">II.A.2a Quartz Clocks &#8211; Page <\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/home\/course\/unit-ii\/clocks\/atomic-clocks\/\">II.A.2b Atomic Clocks &#8211; Page<\/a><br \/>\nII.B.v2 Atomic Clocks &#8211; A discussion with NIST engineer John Lowe &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/3FAfMNVHETk\">Video<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/home\/course\/unit-ii\/test-gear-and-time\/\"><strong>II.B <\/strong><strong>Test Equipment and Clocks &#8211; Page &gt;<\/strong> <\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/home\/course\/unit-ii\/test-gear-and-time\/time-interval-counter\/\">II.B.1 Time Interval Counter &#8211; keeping clocks accurate &#8211; Page<\/a><br \/>\nII.B.v3 Time Interval Counter, measuring phase difference &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/BvCRWKBHVYw\">Video<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/home\/course\/unit-ii\/test-gear-and-time\/oscilloscopes\/\">II.B.2 Oscilloscopes &#8211; Page<\/a><br \/>\nII.B.2.a Oscilloscopes &#8211; How the CRT in Oscilloscopes Work &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/EmQlgd85P4k\">Video<\/a><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong>II.B.2.b Oscilloscopes vs. Television &#8211; the CRT (screen) &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/cD0cwwvQ4Tk\">Video<\/a><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong>II.B.2.c Oscilloscopes &#8211; Analogue and Digital, 1950s vs 1980s &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/8DnE_5C_tIE\">Video<\/a><br \/>\nII.B.2.d Oscilloscopes &#8211; Cameras &#8211; Documenting Work &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/RrFQAfAwKfg\">Video<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/home\/course\/unit-ii\/test-gear-and-time\/spectrum-analyzers\/\">II.B.3 Spectrum Analyzers &#8211; Page<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>II.C Computers &#8211; Page &gt;<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>II.C.1 Old Computers &#8211; Page<strong><br \/>\n<\/strong>II.C.1.a Time Base in Commodor Vic 20 Computer 1980 &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/3WYTs8h-QDs\">Video<\/a><br \/>\nII.C.1.b Time Base in Atari Video Computer 1977-1992 &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/JqwS7KGcP-4\">Video<\/a><\/li>\n<li>II.C.2 New Computers &#8211; Page<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>II.D Communications Technology &#8211; Page &gt;<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>II.D.1 Cellular Phones and Time Measurement Technology &#8211; Page<br \/>\nII.D.1.a Cellular Phones &#8211; Video release Dec 2022<\/li>\n<li>II.D.2 GPS and the Time Measurement &#8211; Page<br \/>\nII.D.2.a Global Positioning Systems &#8211; Video release Dec 2022<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Just follow the &#8220;Next&#8221; buttons to move to parts of this course which are complete.<\/p>\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<div style=\"background: grey; float: left; text-align: center; line-height: 100px; width: 40%; margin: 10px; padding: 10px; box-shadow: 5px 5px 10px #000; min-height: 100px;\"><a style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/home\/course\/unit-i\/\">Back to Unit I<\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"background: grey; float: right; text-align: center; line-height: 100px; width: 40%; margin: 10px; padding: 10px; box-shadow: 5px 5px 10px #000; min-height: 100px;\"><a style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/home\/course\/unit-ii\/clocks\/\">Next<\/a><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Time and Instruments: School classes, schedules, drive times, bed times, and meetings, this is how \u201ctime\u201d occupies most of our consciousness. But if\u00a0 we examine our technological world we find that the measurement of time goes far beyond pop culture\u2019s understanding of time measurement. The fact is our world as we know it, almost every &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/home\/course\/unit-ii\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Unit II<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":617,"parent":293,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-11","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.10 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Unit II - Universe of Instrumentation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/home\/course\/unit-ii\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Unit II - Universe of Instrumentation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Time and Instruments: School classes, schedules, drive times, bed times, and meetings, this is how \u201ctime\u201d occupies most of our consciousness. 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