{"id":239,"date":"2016-02-23T04:09:28","date_gmt":"2016-02-23T04:09:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/?page_id=239"},"modified":"2017-03-09T22:08:23","modified_gmt":"2017-03-09T22:08:23","slug":"ammeters","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/home\/course\/unit-i\/ammeters\/","title":{"rendered":"Ammeters"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_554\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-554\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-554 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/WestonThomsonSideBySide400.jpg\" alt=\"WestonThomsonSideBySide400\" width=\"400\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/WestonThomsonSideBySide400.jpg 400w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/WestonThomsonSideBySide400-300x169.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/WestonThomsonSideBySide400-24x14.jpg 24w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/WestonThomsonSideBySide400-36x20.jpg 36w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/WestonThomsonSideBySide400-48x27.jpg 48w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-554\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Weston and Thomson lead the electrical industry into the new age of electrification with hundreds of key innovations.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The need to accurately measure the quantity of electricity (amperes) was important since Volta&#8217;s battery in 1800, however it wasn&#8217;t until the <strong>moving-coil galvanometer<\/strong>, also known as the <strong>PMMC<\/strong> (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.electrical4u.com\/permanent-magnet-moving-coil-instrument\/\">permanent magnet moving coil<\/a>) came about in the 1880s. The PMMC was used for both ammeters and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/home\/course\/unit-i\/voltmeters\/\">voltmeters<\/a>. We will start by describing ammeters, the men who developed them and their impact.<\/p>\n<p>To see the science and engineering of the Amp and Volt meter we recommend you watch our short video below, if you already watched this on our Unit 1 page than you can move on.<\/p>\n<p><center><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/hlCHpkkmBdo?rel=0\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/center>When we say &#8220;moving-coil&#8221; we refer to the type of meter created in 1886 by <strong>Edward Weston<\/strong> which uses a permanent magnet and a small coil attached to a needle which moves when energized. This is a type of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/unit-i\/galvanometers\/\">galvanometer <\/a>however it is a significant improvement from any previous galvanometers.<\/p>\n<p><b>Advantages:<\/b> Strong, portable, not dependent on the earth&#8217;s magnetic field, could be made very accurate<br \/>\n<b>Disadvantages:<\/b> Heavy, needed multiple heavy meters to measure different ranges of amperage, could not store data. Heat and vibration can affect the permanent magnet and reduce the accuracy of the device. This type of meter is subject to parallax as well.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-324 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/MagneticMilliammeter800-1.jpg\" alt=\"MagneticMilliammeter800\" width=\"700\" height=\"466\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/MagneticMilliammeter800-1.jpg 700w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/MagneticMilliammeter800-1-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>History:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-536 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/AmmeterCloseCoil300.jpg\" alt=\"AmmeterCloseCoil300\" width=\"400\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/AmmeterCloseCoil300.jpg 400w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/AmmeterCloseCoil300-300x169.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/AmmeterCloseCoil300-24x14.jpg 24w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/AmmeterCloseCoil300-36x20.jpg 36w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/AmmeterCloseCoil300-48x27.jpg 48w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>The industry standard of ammeter for many decades was developed by chemist and engineer Edward Weston in New Jersey. Weston&#8217;s innovation included a stable permanent magnet and his development of a special <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manganin\">Manganin<\/a> material. The manganin had a very stable resistance value and allowed Weston&#8217;s meters to stay accurate. Shallenberger, Thomson and other innovators used Weston&#8217;s design to create improved meters over the years.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-325\" src=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/WestonClose800-1.jpg\" alt=\"WestonClose800\" width=\"700\" height=\"483\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/WestonClose800-1.jpg 700w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/WestonClose800-1-300x207.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Above is the classic Weston ammeter. We didn&#8217;t have multimeters as you have today, you had to select a meter that was designed to take a given range of amps.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-537 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/SpringAmmeter300.jpg\" alt=\"SpringAmmeter300\" width=\"400\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/SpringAmmeter300.jpg 400w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/SpringAmmeter300-300x169.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/SpringAmmeter300-24x14.jpg 24w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/SpringAmmeter300-36x20.jpg 36w, http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/files\/2016\/02\/SpringAmmeter300-48x27.jpg 48w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Lets look at the inventors of the ammeter and what they did for the instrument on the next page.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<div style=\"background: grey; float: left; text-align: center; line-height: 100px; width: 40%; margin: 10px; padding: 10px; box-shadow: 5px 5px 10px #000; min-height: 100px;\"><a style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/home\/course\/unit-i\/galvanometers\/\">Back<\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"background: grey; float: right; text-align: center; line-height: 100px; width: 40%; margin: 10px; padding: 10px; box-shadow: 5px 5px 10px #000; min-height: 100px;\"><a style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/home\/course\/unit-i\/inventors-of-the-ammeter\/\">Next<\/a><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Note: we list sources for all the pages in this unit <a href=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/credits\/\">in our Credits page<\/a>.<br \/>\nFor media licensing see <a href=\"http:\/\/www.edisontechcenter.org\/licensing.html\">our page here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The need to accurately measure the quantity of electricity (amperes) was important since Volta&#8217;s battery in 1800, however it wasn&#8217;t until the moving-coil galvanometer, also known as the PMMC (permanent magnet moving coil) came about in the 1880s. The PMMC was used for both ammeters and voltmeters. We will start by describing ammeters, the men &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/home\/course\/unit-i\/ammeters\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Ammeters<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":694,"parent":9,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-239","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.10 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Ammeters - Universe of Instrumentation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/www.edisontc.org\/ui\/home\/course\/unit-i\/ammeters\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ammeters - Universe of Instrumentation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The need to accurately measure the quantity of electricity (amperes) was important since Volta&#8217;s battery in 1800, however it wasn&#8217;t until the moving-coil galvanometer, also known as the PMMC (permanent magnet moving coil) came about in the 1880s. 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